The creative life of Kazantzakis extends across the first half of the twentieth century. His work as philosopher, dramatist, poet, novelist, journalist and translator, received, without a doubt, the influence of the sociopolitical and cultural context in which he lived. Witness of decisive facts in the history of his mother country and the world, he studied, analyzed, reflected and wrote on ideological and religious events, ideas, movements. In this article, the facts that became landmarks in Greek history between 1889 and 1923, and their relation to the trajectory of the writer, are succinctly analyzed .